GEF calculates pre-neutron and post-neutron fission-fragment nuclide yields, angular momentum distributions, isomeric yields, prompt-neutron yields and prompt-neutron spectra, prompt-γ spectra, and several other quantities for the fissioning nuclei.Īs no experimental data of prompt-gamma multiplicity distribution is available for fast neutron fission ( E n = 4.3 MeV here, see below) of Pu-239, so to calculate the number of photons in our concerned energy range, GEF nuclear reaction code, version 2018/1.1 7 was used to calculate the prompt γ-spectrum from the neutron-induced fission of Pu-239 core. It treats spontaneous fission and induced-fission up to an excitation energy of about 100 MeV of a wide range of heavy nuclei ranging from polonium to seaborgium. GEF is a Monte-Carlo code which combines general laws of quantum and statistical mechanics with specific experimental information developed to model low energy nuclear fission process 7– 9. For the first time, the effort of investigating the photo-fission of nuclear device tamper is being made. Here, GEneral Fission (GEF) nuclear reaction code 7– 9 is used to calculate the prompt γ-spectrum from the fissioning Pu-239 core of the device. U-238 nuclei can undergo fission by such photons, particularly in the Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) energy region 6. In the present work, an approach is developed to investigate the possibility of photon-induced fission of U-238 tamper generated by the fission of Pu-239 core of the Trinity nuclear device. tamper in a nuclear device, I have not come across any research article. While looking for the literature relevant to the γ-induced fission of U-238 etc. So, keeping in view the formation of γs, it becomes interesting to study whether there is any contribution in the energy released from the γ-induced fission of U-238 tamper. In addition to other forms of energy, the fissioning core also releases fast neutrons and prompt γs. In Gadget, the plutonium core, besides highly explosive chemicals, was wrapped by about 120 kg natural uranium tamper 5. A tamper is a heavy material surrounding the fissile material core, that not only reduces its critical mass, when added sufficiently, by reflecting neutrons back to the fissioning core, but also retards the inevitable expansion of the core, allowing more time for fissions to occur until the core density drops to the value where criticality no longer holds. The energy released from the Trinity Test nuclear device was not only from the neutron-induced fission of Pu-239, but also from the fission of U-238 tamper by fast neutrons ( E ~ MeV) released from the Pu-239 fissioning core 5. He gave two values of yield as 16.8 kT and 23.7 kT 3, 4. Taylor studied the problem of nuclear explosion in detail and obtained the expression for the energy released. Only when the photographs of the Trinity Test fireball, taken by Julian Mack and his team, were declassified, the British physicist Sir G. Its design, except some minor changes, was the same as that of the one used on Nagasaki - an implosion-type plutonium based device 1, using 6.19 kg of highly enriched plutonium 2. The device worked on the fission induced by fast neutrons ( E ~ MeV) and so do all the modern nuclear devices. When the first nuclear device, called the Gadget, was tested in 1945, there were several comments regarding the amount of energy released in the test.
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